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 Coronary arteries are the blood vessels supplying heart muscle. A coronary angiogram is a minimally invasive procedure that uses X-ray imaging to see your heart's blood vessels. The test is generally done by making a small puncture in blood vessels of arm or groin to see if there's a restriction in blood flow going to the heart.   If there is some significant blockage  this can be  opened  in the same setting ( angioplasty).   

INDICATIONS for performing coronary angiogram : 

✓ Symptomatic  coronary artery disease causing angina( chest pain due to blockage in coronary arteries). It usually occurs on exertion and relieved by rest ( Stable angina), or may be at rest when it may be due to unstable angina or myocardial infarction ( heart attack). Chest pain due to arterial blockade has a variable character may not be typical pain like as commonly supposed and can be like pressure , constriction , uneasiness or heaviness in chest but may be there from lower part of jaw to umbilicus.  

✓ Before heart  surgery for valvular repair ,etc to assess coronary artery status 

A coronary angioplasty or also called percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is a procedure used to widen a blocked or narrowed coronary arteries supplying the heart . In this procedure we use a  balloon to stretch open a narrowed artery. However, most modern angioplasty procedures also involve inserting a short wire-mesh tube, called a stent, into the artery during the procedure. The stent is left in place permanently to allow blood to flow more freely.